The 'Evils' of Emma: Resistance to Conformity in Jane Austen's Emma

Abstract

This thesis identifies and analyzes the ways in which Jane Austen's character of Emma resists social conformity throughout the novel Emma. Her resistance results in her ability to maintain control of her life and destiny through the end of the novel.

Chapter I is dedicated to studying various forms of criticism that have sought to define and understand Emma. Of particular interest is the feminist criticism that has viewed Emma as embracing nineteenth century patriarchal values. Special interest is also found in criticism that studies the way in which Austen deformed the popular conduct book/domestic Bildungsroman format.

Chapter II is dedicated to studying the ways in which Emma resists conforming to her socially accepted role as a woman by reconstructing characters who occupy important positions in relation to herself. These reconstructions are evident in her handling of Miss Taylor and Harriet Smith. The effect of Mr. and Mrs. Woodhouse on Emma's self concept is also studied.

Chapter III is dedicated to the ways in which Emma resists conformity by refusing the role models presented to her by society. These role models are women almost equal in social status to Emma. Characters studied in the section include Isabella, Jane Fairfax, Mrs. Elton, and Miss Bates.

Chapter IV studies the ways in which Emma resists social conformity presented to her by the person considered most her equal: Mr. Knightley. This chapter also studies the ways in which Mr. Knightley changes his view of Emma in order to become a suitable partner for her.

In Chapter V, I conclude that Emma successfully resists conformity, even through her marriage to Mr. Knightley. I contend that Emma loses nothing of power or control while gaining a husband.