Submerged macrophytes affect many aspects of lotic ecosystems, including nutrient dynamics. We performed longitudinal vegetation surveys to describe the distribution of macrophytes in Big Spring Creek, Wisconsin. We also ...

Development of residential lakeshore properties can have several effects on aquatic ecosystems including the thinning of littoral coarse woody habitat. Previous studies have shown that reduction of littoral coarse woody ...

Mothers of many species find great comfort in their offspring, which in turn has been found to alleviate mild stress in the mother. In the face of a life-threatening event, however, do offspring still act as effective ...

San Felipe is a small fishing village on the Caraquez estuary on the coast of Ecuador. Only twenty years ago, this community was able to sustain itself on clam collecting, but due to poor management and mangrove destruction, ...

Bipolar disorder (BPD) is a devastating long-term disease for which a significant symptom is mania. Researchers have long relied on the use of rodent models to study psychological disorders (like BPD), as well as to develop ...

A central question in biology is how different cell-types arise from an initially one-celled embryo to form an organism. Many cellular differences arise through differential gene expression in space and time via the action ...