Following the discovery of penicillin and methicillin, antibiotics became commonplace by the 1950s. However, due to misuse and overuse, new problems surfaced in clinical settings. Bacteria developed resistance to antibiotics, ...

Mammalian glycoprotein 96 (gp96) and canopy 3 (CNPY3) are both required for chaperoning (folding) toll-like receptors (TLRs), infection recognition proteins, and integrins, cell adhesion molecules. Due to sequence similarity, ...

Gar-3, a gene that encodes a G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor, has been shown to play roles in both neurotransmission and protein localization to synapses. We asked whether gar-3 also affects the localization of ...

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is a condition that can affect the physical health and behavior of developing fetuses as a result of the pregnant mother’s consumption of alcohol. FAS is found in 0.2-1.5 infants out of 1,000. ...

The prevalence of individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has strikingly increased in recent decades. Both genetic and environmental factors have been associated with neurodevelopmental changes causing ...

Lake Superior and the St. Louis River Estuary (SLRE) are important ecological and economical resources for the Upper Midwest as waterways, fisheries, and recreation destinations—however, these essential waterbodies may be ...

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are becoming increasingly more common and deadly. Most of the antibiotics produced are used in the agriculture industry; particularly as feed additive to prevent disease and increase animal ...

Ecological communities are subsets of larger-scale species pools. Community assembly may be due to ecological drift, resulting in communities with a random set of species and functional traits. However, ecological selection ...