With the aim of discerning fluid conditions present during hydrothermal activity associated with Alpine metamorphism, we present new results on the abundance and distribution of hydrous impurities in co-crystallizing ...

The Green Mountain Shield Volcano (GM)–dated at 740,000 Ka–is located in Eastern Oregon at the intersection of the Oregon High Lava Plains Province and the northernmost Basin and Range Province. In a preliminary study, ...

Chemical evolution within basaltic magma chambers is still the subject of intense debate. The Skaergaard Intrusion in southeast Greenland has been the subject of considerable study for nearly a century, and yet today no ...

The chemical composition of tourmaline can provide unique insights into the thermal evolution of their growth environment, including that of pegmatites (in igneous systems) and hydrothermal veins (in metamorphic systems). ...

Tourmaline is a semiprecious gemstone known in the geologic community known for its complex chemical formula. This is because the crystal structure of tourmaline can incorporate and contain numerous elements from the ...

The dramatic contrast in the geochemical evolution of tholeiitic and calc-alkaline magmatic systems has remained an enigma since their original characterization nearly a century ago. Recently, two new models that describe ...

We present preliminary results on the nature of dissolved water in glass beads to Native American connections with early European traders and explorers. Our study involves the first investigation of these glass artifacts ...

We present spectroscopic analyses that characterize the distribution and abundance of hydroxyl-bearing impurities within a single quartz crystal grown in hydrothermal fluid. We focus on a gemmy quartz crystal collected in ...

Quartz crystals have been studied since ancient times by scientists and natural philosophers attempting to unlock the mysteries behind their aesthetic appearance and cryptic morphological properties. Previous studies ...

The role of contaminant diffusion purple quartz, otherwise known as amethyst, is commonly known for its occurrence as clusters of gemmy crystals that grow on the walls of fluid-filled fractures and vugs in hydrothermal ...